{"id":528,"date":"2009-12-26T06:31:07","date_gmt":"2009-12-26T03:31:07","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/kariyeryolculugu.com\/blog\/?p=528"},"modified":"2009-12-26T06:31:07","modified_gmt":"2009-12-26T03:31:07","slug":"uretim-ve-kitlesel-uretim","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kariyeryolculugu.com\/blog\/2009\/12\/26\/uretim-ve-kitlesel-uretim\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00dcretim ve Kitlesel \u00dcretim"},"content":{"rendered":"

Yazan: Oktay Taftal\u0131<\/a><\/p>\n

<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0130nsan\u0131n, yery\u00fcz\u00fcnde ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrebilmesi i\u00e7in gerekli olan temel ihtiya\u00e7lar<\/strong>, onun yery\u00fcz\u00fcne ayak bast\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00fcnden bug\u00fcne dek de\u011fi\u015fmemi\u015ftir. G\u00fcvenlik, bar\u0131nma, beslenme, temiz ve sa<\/strong>\u011f<\/strong>l\u0131kl\u0131 bir \u00e7evre olarak d\u00f6rt ba<\/strong>\u015f<\/strong>l\u0131k alt\u0131nda toplayabilece<\/strong>\u011f<\/strong>imiz, ya<\/strong>\u015f<\/strong>am i\u00e7in temel ihtiya\u00e7lar aras\u0131nda, sadece temiz ve sa<\/strong>\u011f<\/strong>l\u0131kl\u0131 \u00e7evre tabiat\u0131n kendili<\/strong>\u011f<\/strong>inden sundu<\/strong>\u011f<\/strong>u bir imk\u00e2n\/d\u0131r\/d\u0131.<\/strong><\/p>\n

G\u00fcvenlik, beslenme ve bar\u0131nma i\u00e7in, insan\u0131n bizzat kendisinin \u00e7aba sarfetmesi, ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmek amac\u0131yla, bir ta\u015f\u0131 bir ba\u015fka ta\u015f\u0131n \u00fczerine koymas\u0131, bir a\u011fac\u0131n dal\u0131na uzanarak bir meyveyi kopartmas\u0131, onu bir yerden bir yere ta\u015f\u0131yarak biriktirmek, payla\u015fmak veya bir ba\u015fka ihtiya\u00e7 unsuruyla de\u011fi\u015f toku\u015f etmek i\u00e7in, bir emek harcamas\u0131 gerekiyordu. K\u0131saca: harcanan bir miktar eme\u011fin kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, elde edilen ihtiya\u00e7 unsurlar\u0131, bug\u00fcn modern ifadeyle \u201c\u00fcr\u00fcn\u201d dedi\u011fimiz nesneleri olu\u015fturuyor.<\/p>\n

Tabiat ko<\/strong>\u015f<\/strong>ullar\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7erdi<\/strong>\u011f<\/strong>i \u00e7e<\/strong>\u015f<\/strong>itli tehditler kar<\/strong>\u015f<\/strong>\u0131s\u0131nda, insan\u0131n varolu<\/strong>\u015f<\/strong>unu, binbir emek ve \u00e7abayla temin etmesi, onun ayn\u0131 zamanda tabiata kar<\/strong>\u015f<\/strong>\u0131 kazand\u0131<\/strong>\u011f<\/strong>\u0131 bir zafer olarak, haz ve mutluluk kayna<\/strong>\u011f<\/strong>\u0131d\u0131r.<\/strong> Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla \u00e7al\u0131<\/strong>\u015f<\/strong>mak, emek harcayarak tabiat\u0131n ba<\/strong>\u011f<\/strong>r\u0131ndan bir <\/strong>\u015f<\/strong>ey; bir \u00fcr\u00fcn elde etmek, insan\u0131n yery\u00fcz\u00fc maceras\u0131nda ilk mutluluk eylemlerinden birisidir.<\/strong> \u0130nsan\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131p, \u00fcreterek tabiat kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda \u00f6zg\u00fcr ve mutlu olaca\u011f\u0131 fikri, yak\u0131n zamanlarda kimi ideolojiler taraf\u0131ndan istismar edilmi\u015f olsa bile, de\u011fi\u015fmez bir hakikattir.<\/p>\n

Tarih boyunca \u00fcretim teknikleri ve ili\u015fkileri \u00e7ok \u00e7e\u015fitli a\u015famalardan ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir ve bu ayr\u0131 bir ara\u015ft\u0131rma konusudur.<\/p>\n

<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ancak g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze gelindi<\/strong>\u011f<\/strong>inde \u00e7al\u0131<\/strong>\u015f<\/strong>man\u0131n, \u00fcretmenin, haz ve mutluluktan ziyade, yer yer bir yorgunluk ve stres kayna<\/strong>\u011f<\/strong>\u0131 <\/strong>\u015f<\/strong>eklinde alg\u0131land\u0131<\/strong>\u011f<\/strong>\u0131na tan\u0131k oluyoruz.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Yan\u0131s\u0131ra bir\u00e7ok insan, mevcut i<\/strong>\u015f<\/strong>inden memnun olmad\u0131<\/strong>\u011f<\/strong>\u0131n\u0131, hayalindeki mesle<\/strong>\u011f<\/strong>i, arzulad\u0131<\/strong>\u011f<\/strong>\u0131 i<\/strong>\u015f<\/strong>i yapamad\u0131<\/strong>\u011f<\/strong>\u0131n\u0131 ifade ediyor, vb. Ancak bu gerek\u00e7e pek do<\/strong>\u011f<\/strong>ru say\u0131lmaz, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc insan yapt\u0131<\/strong>\u011f<\/strong>\u0131 her t\u00fcrl\u00fc \u00fcretimle mutlu olmu<\/strong>\u015f<\/strong>tur ve olabilir, burada i<\/strong>\u015f<\/strong>in t\u00fcr\u00fcnden ziyade as\u0131l gerek\u00e7e, insan\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131<\/strong>\u015f<\/strong>mas\u0131yla ortaya koydu<\/strong>\u011f<\/strong>u \u00fcr\u00fcn aras\u0131nda yabanc\u0131la<\/strong>\u015f<\/strong>maya yol a\u00e7an \u201carac\u0131 s\u00fcre\u00e7 ve unsurlar\u201dd\u0131r.<\/strong> \u00d6yleki sonu\u00e7ta ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn sizin yapt\u0131<\/strong>\u011f<\/strong>\u0131n\u0131z i<\/strong>\u015f<\/strong>le ilgisini kendiniz bile anlamakta g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fck \u00e7ekersiniz.<\/strong> Bu yabanc\u0131la<\/strong>\u015f<\/strong>ma \u201cpazar i\u00e7in kitlesel \u00fcretim\u201din (mass production) bir sonucudur. <\/strong><\/p>\n

Ford band\u0131nda hava tabancas\u0131yla ve zamanla yar\u0131\u015farak g\u00fcnde birka\u00e7 bin c\u0131vata s\u0131kan, otomatik kaynakta bin puntel vuran ya da \u00f6n\u00fcndeki bilgisayarda g\u00fcnde birka\u00e7 bin data i\u015fleyen bir insan\u0131n, depoya, stok ambar\u0131na ya da fabrikan\u0131n bah\u00e7esine \u00e7\u0131kmadan ne \u00fcretti\u011fini anlamas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n

Modern y\u00fczy\u0131llarda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan \u201cfinans kapital\u201din, s\u00fcrekli b\u00fcy\u00fcme ve s\u00fcrekli k\u00e2r art\u0131rma zorunlulu\u011fu, pazara s\u00fcrekli ve giderek artan miktarlarda yeni \u00fcr\u00fcn sunmay\u0131 ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz k\u0131l\u0131yor. \u201cZaman\u0131n, mekan\u0131n ve maddenin teknik denetimi, art\u0131k rastlant\u0131sal bireysel bulu<\/em><\/strong>\u015f<\/em><\/strong>larla de<\/em><\/strong>\u011f<\/em><\/strong>il, bilakis bulu<\/em><\/strong>\u015f<\/em><\/strong>un kendisinin zorunlu ve metodik oldu<\/em><\/strong>\u011f<\/em><\/strong>u panl\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131<\/em><\/strong>\u015f<\/em><\/strong>malarla \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclemez <\/em><\/strong>\u015f<\/em><\/strong>ekilde geli<\/em><\/strong>\u015f<\/em><\/strong>iyor.\u201d<\/em><\/strong> Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla ilk bak\u0131<\/strong>\u015f<\/strong>ta olumlu bir \u00e7a<\/strong>\u011f<\/strong>r\u0131<\/strong>\u015f<\/strong>\u0131m yapan \u201cara<\/strong>\u015f<\/strong>t\u0131rma-geli<\/strong>\u015f<\/strong>tirme\u201d faaliyetleri, giderek insan\u0131n mevcut ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131ndan ziyade, olmayan ihtiyac\u0131 do<\/strong>\u011f<\/strong>urmak ve kitlesel \u00fcretimin talebi olan s\u00fcrekli yeni \u201cmeta\u201d \u00fcretimine katk\u0131 sunmak amac\u0131na y\u00f6nelmi<\/strong>\u015f<\/strong>tir.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201cEkonomik b\u00fcy\u00fcme\u201dnin bir zorunluluk olarak dayat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 modern zamanlarda, s\u00fcrekli yeni ihtiya\u00e7lar icat etmek ve o ihtiya\u00e7lara uygun yeni \u00fcr\u00fcnler geli\u015ftirerek, kitlesel bi\u00e7imde t\u00fcketime sunmak, bireysel mutlulu\u011fun y\u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc de tersine \u00e7evirmi\u015ftir. \u201cKitlesel \u00fcretim\u201d \u00e7ark\u0131n\u0131n irili ufakl\u0131 di<\/strong>\u015f<\/strong>lilerinden birisi olarak, s\u00fcrekli \u201caccord\u201d art\u0131rma ve daha verimli olma stresiyle, \u00fcretim g\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fc mutsuz ge\u00e7iren modern birey, mesai \u00e7\u0131k\u0131<\/strong>\u015f<\/strong>\u0131nda, al\u0131<\/strong>\u015f<\/strong> veri<\/strong>\u015f<\/strong>; yani t\u00fcketim yaparak mutlu olmaya \u00e7al\u0131<\/strong>\u015f<\/strong>maktad\u0131r. Oysa ba<\/strong>\u015f<\/strong>a d\u00f6necek olursak: insan t\u00fcketerek de<\/strong>\u011f<\/strong>il, \u00fcreterek mutlu olan bir varl\u0131kt\u0131r. Fakat bu nas\u0131l bir \u00fcretim olmal\u0131d\u0131r?<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0130\u015f<\/strong>te bu noktadan sonra, yapt\u0131<\/strong>\u011f<\/strong>\u0131 i<\/strong>\u015f<\/strong>ten mutlu olmayan insanlara, hayalindeki i<\/strong>\u015f<\/strong>i sordu<\/strong>\u011f<\/strong>unuzda, muhatab\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n \u201c<\/strong>\u015f<\/strong>\u00f6yle k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcc\u00fck…\u201d diye ba<\/strong>\u015f<\/strong>layan bir c\u00fcmle kurmas\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck bir olas\u0131l\u0131kt\u0131r.<\/strong> \u201c<\/strong>\u015e<\/strong>\u00f6yle k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcc\u00fck bir at\u00f6lye, bir pastahane, butique bir i<\/strong>\u015f<\/strong>letme, deniz kenar\u0131nda bir pansiyon, vb…\u201d<\/strong> \u0130ronik olarak, belki: \u201cHayalimdeki meslek, bin ki\u015finin \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir lastik fabrikas\u0131nda, u\u00e7ak lasti\u011fi \u00fcretim b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne \u015fef olmak\u201d diyen birisi de \u00e7\u0131kabilir, ama bence bu hayli d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck bir olas\u0131l\u0131kt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Yap\u0131lan i\u015fe ili\u015fkin \u00f6zlenen ve dile getirilmekte zorlan\u0131lan \u015fey, asl\u0131nda i\u015fin t\u00fcr\u00fc, mesle\u011fin \u00e7e\u015fidi de\u011fil, bilakis insan\u0131n \u00fcretti\u011fi \u015feyi, sonunda be\u015f duyusuyla kavrayabilme, onun \u00fczerinde irade ve tasarruf sahibi olabilme talebidir. Arzulanan <\/strong>\u015f<\/strong>ey:<\/strong> g\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn tutmad\u0131<\/strong>\u011f<\/strong>\u0131 m\u00fc<\/strong>\u015f<\/strong>teriye, elbise dikmeyen sanatk\u00e2r bir eski zaman terzisinin \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc<\/strong>\u011f<\/strong>\u00fc ve kendi \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc \u00fczerindeki iradesidir.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kadim meslekler aras\u0131nda, kuma\u015fa, cama, ah\u015faba, demire, deriye, alt\u0131n ve g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015fe, yap\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131na, kendine \u00f6zg\u00fc bir emek veren ve m\u00fc\u015fterisini bizzat kendisi se\u00e7en sanatk\u00e2rlar\u0131n duydu\u011fu hazz\u0131 ve tatmini, benzer \u00fcr\u00fcnleri \u201ckitlesel\u201d olarak \u00fcreten i\u015fletmelerde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n duymas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn m\u00fcd\u00fcr? Bir y\u00f6renin en iyi mobilyac\u0131s\u0131 olman\u0131n hazz\u0131 ile, herhangi bir ikea merkezinde ustaba<\/strong>\u015f<\/strong>\u0131 olman\u0131n hazz\u0131 kar<\/strong>\u015f<\/strong>\u0131la<\/strong>\u015f<\/strong>t\u0131r\u0131labilir mi?<\/strong> \u00dcst\u00fcne \u00fcstl\u00fck, \u201ckitlesel \u00fcretim\u201de son y\u0131llarda egemen olan \u201c\u00c7in tarz\u0131\u201d, insan\u0131n tabiat kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131ndaki duru\u015funu, bir \u201c\u015fey\u201d \u00fcretmenin anlam ve ahl\u00e2k\u0131n\u0131 yerle bir etmi\u015ftir. Bireye sat\u0131n alma g\u00fcc\u00fc hakk\u0131nda d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnme f\u0131rsat\u0131 tan\u0131maks\u0131z\u0131n, her istedi<\/strong>\u011f<\/strong>ine, istedi<\/strong>\u011f<\/strong>i zamanda ve istedi<\/strong>\u011f<\/strong>i miktarda sahip olabilece<\/strong>\u011f<\/strong>i yan\u0131lsamas\u0131n\u0131 sunan bu t\u00fcr bir \u00fcretim ve onu bor\u00e7la destekleyen finans kurumlar\u0131, olas\u0131 bir \u201ct\u00fcketim hazz\u0131\u201dn\u0131n da sonunu getirmek \u00fczeredir. <\/strong><\/p>\n

D\u00fcnyada bu gidi\u015fat\u0131n ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz oldu\u011funu iddia edenler, kendi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ve \u00fcretme ko\u015fullar\u0131ndan kaynaklanan mutsuzluklar\u0131 katlan\u0131labilir k\u0131lmak i\u00e7g\u00fcd\u00fcs\u00fcyle bu ve benzer ifadeleri dile getirebilirler. Ku\u015fkusuz bu me\u015fru bir s\u00f6ylemdir. Ancak meselenin \u00f6te yan\u0131ndan t\u00fcketici konumunda bir birey olarak, t\u00fcketim k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc ve tercihi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan, \u201ckitlesel \u00fcretim\u201d unsurlar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 olabildi\u011fince direnmek de bir haz imk\u00e2nd\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u0130<\/strong>htiya\u00e7lar\u0131 temin ederken, kimsenin bilmedi<\/strong>\u011f<\/strong>i k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck at\u00f6lyeleri, ustas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6zeninden ba<\/strong>\u015f<\/strong>ka hi\u00e7bir markas\u0131 olmayan ki<\/strong>\u015f<\/strong>iye \u00f6zel \u00fcr\u00fcnleri, e<\/strong>\u015f<\/strong> dost tavsiyesiyle bulunan adreslerdeki k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ve yerli \u00fcreticileri tercih etmek, bu anlamda kimi can \u00e7eki<\/strong>\u015f<\/strong>en zenaatlara destek \u00e7\u0131kmak, haz verici oldu<\/strong>\u011f<\/strong>u kadar ahl\u00e2ki bir tav\u0131r olsa gerektir. \u00dcstelik yak\u0131n veya orta gelecekte \u201ckitlesel \u00fcretim ve t\u00fcketimden\u201d yorgun d\u00fc<\/strong>\u015f<\/strong>en insanlar\u0131n, b\u00f6ylesi aray\u0131<\/strong>\u015f<\/strong>lara y\u00f6nelerek, s\u00fcreci tam tersi istikamete \u00e7evirmeyeceklerini kim iddia edebilir?<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Yazan: Oktay Taftal\u0131 \u0130nsan\u0131n, yery\u00fcz\u00fcnde ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrebilmesi i\u00e7in gerekli olan temel ihtiya\u00e7lar, onun yery\u00fcz\u00fcne ayak bast\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00fcnden bug\u00fcne dek de\u011fi\u015fmemi\u015ftir. G\u00fcvenlik, bar\u0131nma, beslenme, temiz ve sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir \u00e7evre olarak d\u00f6rt ba\u015fl\u0131k alt\u0131nda toplayabilece\u011fimiz, ya\u015fam i\u00e7in temel ihtiya\u00e7lar aras\u0131nda, sadece temiz ve sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 \u00e7evre tabiat\u0131n kendili\u011finden sundu\u011fu bir imk\u00e2n\/d\u0131r\/d\u0131. G\u00fcvenlik, beslenme ve bar\u0131nma i\u00e7in, insan\u0131n bizzat […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"_s2mail":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[57],"tags":[],"views":5001,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kariyeryolculugu.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/528"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kariyeryolculugu.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kariyeryolculugu.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kariyeryolculugu.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kariyeryolculugu.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=528"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/kariyeryolculugu.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/528\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kariyeryolculugu.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=528"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kariyeryolculugu.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=528"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kariyeryolculugu.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=528"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}